SIMIAN LINE & HEALTH - Simian crease in medical problems!

hands

- The Simian Line & Health -

Prevalence of simian lines in general populations is usually 3-5%, but in medical populations the prevalence is typically much higher!

Because the simian line tends to develop in the 2nd and 3rd trimester of prenancy (Kimura, 1991), it is used in the perspective of medical science as a potential marker that might be indicative for significant problems during the (early) development of the fetus in the womb - especially when it is not present in the hands of the parents. Thus, the formation of a simian line by principle usually involves a mix of genetic- & circumstantial influences combined.

Medical problems & the Simian Line

The simian line became famous for it's significance in Down's syndrome, but in time hundreds of academic scientifc publications have linked simian lines with a 'rainbow' of syndromes, diseases and other medical problems.

However, many medical problems have been linked with the single palmar crease! WrongDiagnosis presents a list of 123 causes that appear to be linked with the simian line.

Quite a few syndromes have been linked with the simian line. The table below presents percentages for the occurence of the simian line in relatively common syndromes (including patients & controls from various countries):

Syndrome:

Country

Patients

Controls


Down syndrome [trisomy 21]


China


41.5 %


9.9 %

-- (occurence: 1 in 700 births)

Germany

31.5 %

1.5 %

Italy

53.3 %

1.0 %

Japan

48.0 %

9.8 %

North-America

M: 42.1 %
F: 31.6 %

M: 6.5 %
F: 4.5 %

Sweden

28.8 %

1.6 %



Edwards syndrome [trisomy 18]



(various countries)



77.2 %



5.5 %

-- (occurence: 1 in 6.000 live births)

(various countries)

75.5 %

-



Fragile X syndrome [Xq27]



Germany



13.3 %



3.0 %

-- (occurence: 1 in 5,000 births;
-- 1 in 250 females & 800 males are
-- carriers of Fragile X premutation)

Central Europe

M: 22.0 %
F: 14.3 %

M: 1.0 %
F: 1.0 %

Italy

25.0 %

4.2 %



Klinefelter syndrome [XXY]



(various countries)



M: 12.0 %



5.5 %

-- (occurence: 1 in 1.000 male births)

(various countries)

M: 11.8 %

-



Marfan syndrome



(various countries)



M: 22.3 %
F: 13.2 %



M: 9.7 %
F: 6.2 %

-- (occurence: 1 in 5.000 births)



• Turner syndrome [45, X0]



(various countries)



F: 27.7 %



5.5 %

-- (occurence: 1 in 2.000 female births)

(various countries)

F: 27.7 %

-

China

F: 70.0 %

9.0 %

NOTICE: Quite some of the data above is summarized in:

- Hautleistenfibel, A. Rodewald (1981)
- Dermatoglyphics in Medical Disorders, Schaumann & Alter (1976)


Other more rare syndromes that are linked with the simian line are e.g.:

• Aarskog-Scott syndrome;
cri-du-chat syndrome (cat-cry) [5p-] - 82.2 %;
• Cohen syndrome;
• Cornelia de Lange syndrome - 65.2 %;
• fetal alcohol syndrome;
Kabuki syndrome - 18 %;
• Noonan syndrome;
• Patau syndrome [trisomy 13] - 59.5 %;
• Poland syndrome;
Rubella syndrome;
• Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome - 39.0 %;
• Seckel syndrome;
Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome - 78.4 %;
• Warkany syndrome [trisomy 8] - 37.5 %, 47.1 %;
Williams-Beuren syndrome;
• Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome - 52.3 %;
• Zellweger syndrome;
18p-, 18q- and 18r syndrome - 14.3 %, 44.8 %, 13.0 %.

Beyond these syndromes (which are usally caused by- or featured with genetic aberations), the simian line has also been related to various (non-)genetic diseases such as: diabetes mellitus (type 1 & 2), familial deafness, leprosy, and rheumatoid arthritis.

Also, the simian is more common in psychiatric populations such as seen in: schizophrenia (psychotic disorders) & ADHD.

But this doesn't implicate that the simian line can be associated with any diseases. For example, auto-immune diseases (which typically have a higher occurence in females than in males) are generally not associated with a higher occurence of the simian line (which is more common in males). Though the hand in diabetes mellitus type 1 could be the exception that confirms the rule!

Simian crease. Single transverse crease. Single palmar transverse crease.

Next section:
Psychology & behavior: the simian line!


THE SIMIAN LINE BY DETAIL:

INTRO: The simian line: a minor physical anomaly!

HOW TO RECOGNIZE Simian Lines?
WHY THE NAME Simian Line?
HISTORY of the Simian Line
ETHNICITY & the Simian Line
HEALTH & the Simian Line
PSYCHOLOGY & BEHAVIOR: the Simian Line
BIG FIVE PROFILING: personality & Simian Line
PSYCHODYNAMIC PROFILES: the Simian Line
HAND SIGN TUTOR: Simian Line - quick summary
FAMOUS PEOPLE with Simian Lines [80+ celebs]
PROJECTS related to the Simian Line
ONLINE READINGS for the Simian Line
SYNONYMS for the Simian Line

The major hand lines.The simian line: a single palmar crease.

- NORMAL HAND LINES versus THE SIMIAN LINE -

SIMIAN LINE & HAND DIAGNOSTICS:

The hand in DOWN SYNDROME!
_- Down syndrome case study 1
_- Down syndrome case study 2

The hand in FRAGILE-X SYNDROME!
_- Fragile-X syndrome case study 1
_- Fragile-X syndrome case study 2
_(In people with autism 2% to 6% have Fragile-X syndrome!)

The hand in DIABETES MELLITUS!
The hand in RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS!
The hand in PSORIASIS!
The hand in SCHIZOPHRENIA!

The hand in Extraversion & Introversion


HAND TESTS:

MARFAN SYNDROME hand test!


Video: simian crease & Down syndrome


MORE HAND DIAGNOSTICS:

Hand lines (palmar creases)
Sydney line
Life line
Marriage line
Palm reading lines
Hand Lines News

Understanding hand shape!
Fingerprints (+ dermatoglyphics)
The Hypothenar whorl
What can finger length reveal?
The 5th finger (pinky)
The fingernail tutor
HAND SIGN TUTOR: Simian Line

More news - hands on health care!

EARLY HAND DIAGNOSTICS:
& HANDS ON HEALTH CARE!!